ELIZA

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357929 occurrences (No.51 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found

52) The diode laser (660 nm) was irradiated with an output power of 25 mW in continuous mode for a total time of 5 min in the laser-irradiated group.

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PMID:23917413 DOI:10.1007/s10103-013-1407-1

2015 Lasers in medical science

* The effects of diode laser (660 nm) on the rate of tooth movements: an animal study.

- Low-level laser has been indicated to have the capability to facilitate the differentiation of the osteoclastic and osteoblastic cells which are responsible for the bone remodeling process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of InGaAlP laser with a wavelength of 660 nm on the rate of tooth movement and histological status. Thirty male Wistar rats of 7 weeks old were selected for this study. The rats were randomly divided into two groups of 15 each to form the experimental (laser-irradiated) and control (non-irradiated) groups. The control group received unilateral orthodontic appliance design (one quadrant), but the laser-irradiated group received split-mouth design, with orthodontic appliance on both sides and laser irradiation on one side only (group b) and on the contralateral side (group c). The orthodontic appliance consisted of a NiTi closed coil spring with a length of 5 mm which was ligated to maxillary molar and incisor. A total of 60 g of force was applied to the rat molar. The diode laser (660 nm) was irradiated with an output power of 25 mW in continuous mode for a total time of 5 min in the laser-irradiated group. After 14 days of orthodontic tooth movement, the amount of tooth movements was measured. In the laser-irradiated group, the amount of tooth movement was significantly greater than that of the non-irradiated group (2.3-fold), but there was no significant difference between the non-irradiated and indirectly irradiated groups. Histopathological studies revealed that the number of osteoclasts in the laser-irradiated group was significantly greater than that of the non-irradiated group (1.5-fold) while this number was almost the same in the non-irradiated and indirectly irradiated groups. The results suggested that low-level laser can accelerate the rate of bone remodeling. However, in order to utilize the low-level laser as an adjunct in orthodontic practice on patients, further research studies are needed for finding the appropriate dosage for the human tissues.

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(1)48 null	(14)6 periods	(27)3 frames	(40)2 needed
(2)40 of	(15)5 frame	(28)3 on	(41)2 parameters
(3)34 and	(16)5 from	(29)3 quantitative	(42)2 pressure
(4)34 to	(17)5 period	(30)3 since	(43)2 required
(5)14 in	(18)5 physical	(31)3 taken	(44)2 spacing
(6)12 PCR	(19)5 the	(32)2 1	(45)2 spent
(7)11 was	(20)4 a	(33)2 1)	(46)2 targets
(8)10 points	(21)4 by	(34)2 PCR,	(47)2 test
(9)9 for	(22)4 or	(35)2 data	(48)2 that
(10)8 course	(23)4 reverse	(36)2 even	(49)2 use
(11)8 polymerase	(24)4 series	(37)2 interval	(50)2 used
(12)6 RT-PCR	(25)3 aerobic	(38)2 it	(51)2 will
(13)6 manner	(26)3 consuming	(39)2 maintain

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--- WordNet output for time --- =>1.時代, 季節, 歳月, 当時, 現代, 一生, 年季, 就業時間, 期間, 時刻, 時点, 機会, 拍子, 速度, 何度, 何回, 時, 時間, 回, 2.時間[速度]を測定する, 時間を決める, (装置などの)タイミングを調節する Overview of noun time The noun time has 10 senses (first 9 from tagged texts) 1. (219) time, clip -- (an instance or single occasion for some event; "this time he succeeded"; "he called four times"; "he could do ten at a clip") 2. (160) time -- (a period of time considered as a resource under your control and sufficient to accomplish something; "take time to smell the roses"; "I didn't have time to finish"; "it took more than half my time") 3. (114) time -- (an indefinite period (usually marked by specific attributes or activities); "he waited a long time"; "the time of year for planting"; "he was a great actor in his time") 4. (43) time -- (a suitable moment; "it is time to go") 5. (36) time -- (the continuum of experience in which events pass from the future through the present to the past) 6. (10) time -- (a person's experience on a particular occasion; "he had a time holding back the tears"; "they had a good time together") 7. (7) clock time, time -- (a reading of a point in time as given by a clock; "do you know what time it is?"; "the time is 10 o'clock") 8. (5) fourth dimension, time -- (the fourth coordinate that is required (along with three spatial dimensions) to specify a physical event) 9. (1) meter, metre, time -- (rhythm as given by division into parts of equal duration) 10. prison term, sentence, time -- (the period of time a prisoner is imprisoned; "he served a prison term of 15 months"; "his sentence was 5 to 10 years"; "he is doing time in the county jail") Overview of verb time The verb time has 5 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (4) clock, time -- (measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time; "he clocked the runners") 2. (3) time -- (assign a time for an activity or event; "The candidate carefully timed his appearance at the disaster scene") 3. (1) time -- (set the speed, duration, or execution of; "we time the process to manufacture our cars very precisely") 4. time -- (regulate or set the time of; "time the clock") 5. time -- (adjust so that a force is applied and an action occurs at the desired time; "The good player times his swing so as to hit the ball squarely") --- WordNet end ---