* Validity of anthropometric measurements to assess body composition, including muscle mass, in 3-year-old children from the SKOT cohort.
- Nutritional status of children is commonly assessed by anthropometry both in under and overnutrition. The link between anthropometry and body fat, the body compartment most affected by overnutrition, is well known, but the link with muscle mass, the body compartment most depleted in undernutrition, associated with infections, remains unknown. In this study, we examined the relationship between common anthropometric indices and body composition measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) in a sample of 121 healthy 3-year-old Danish children. Appendicular (arms and legs) lean mass was used to estimate muscle mass. Overall, anthropometric measures were more effective to measure absolute size of fat, lean and muscle mass than their relative sizes. Proportion of the variance explained by anthropometry was 79% for lean mass, 76% for fat mass and 74% for muscle mass. For fat mass and lean mass expressed as percentage of total body mass, this proportion was 51% and 66%, respectively; and for muscle mass as percentage of lean mass it was 34%. All the best reduced multivariate models included weight, skinfold and gender except the model estimating the proportion of muscle mass in lean body mass, which included only mid-upper arm circumference and subscapular skinfold. The power of height in the weight-to-height ratio to determine fat mass proportion was 1.71 with a 95% confidence interval (0.83-2.60) including the value of 2 used in body mass index (BMI). Limitations of anthropometry to assess body composition, and especially for muscle mass as a proportion of lean mass, should be acknowledged.
=>1.〜に慣れて, 2.用いられた, 中古の
Overview of verb use
The verb use has 6 senses (first 3 from tagged texts)
1. (603) use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ -- (put into service; make work or employ for a
particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at
home"; "I can't use this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many
projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the
plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer")
2. (12) use, habituate -- (take or consume (regularly or habitually); "She uses drugs rarely")
3. (8) use, expend -- (use up, consume fully; "The legislature expended its time on school
questions")
4. use -- (seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage; "She uses her influential friends to
get jobs"; "The president's wife used her good connections")
5. practice, apply, use -- (avail oneself to; "apply a principle"; "practice a religion"; "use care
when going down the stairs"; "use your common sense"; "practice non-violent resistance")
6. use -- (habitually do something (use only in the past tense); "She used to call her mother every
week but now she calls only occasionally"; "I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall";
"They used to vacation in the Bahamas")
Overview of adj used
The adj used has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts)
1. (4) used -- (employed in accomplishing something; "the principle of surprise is the most used and
misused of all the principles of war"- H.H.Arnold & I.C.Eaker)
2. (1) exploited, ill-used, put-upon, used, victimized, victimised -- (of persons; taken advantage
of; "after going out of his way to help his friend get the job he felt not appreciated but used")
3. (1) secondhand, used -- (previously used or owned by another; "bought a secondhand (or used)
car")
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