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- Medical English LInking keywords finder for the PubMed Zipped Archive (ELIZA) -

return kwic search for used to out of >500 occurrences
298981 occurrences (No.78 in the rank) during 5 years in the PubMed. [no cache] 500 found
148) Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure concentrations of fevipiprant and its AG metabolite in plasma and urine.
--- ABSTRACT ---
PMID:33632715 DOI:10.1124/dmd.120.000273
2021 Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals
* Clinical Investigation of Metabolic and Renal Clearance Pathways Contributing to the Elimination of Fevipiprant Using Probenecid as Perpetrator.
- Fevipiprant, an oral, nonsteroidal, highly selective, reversible, and competitive prostaglandin D2 receptor 2 antagonist, is eliminated by glucuronidation and by direct renal excretion predominantly via organic anion transporter (OAT) 3. This study aimed to assess the effect of simultaneous UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) and OAT3 inhibition by probenecid on the pharmacokinetics of fevipiprant and its acyl glucuronide (AG) metabolite to support the dosing recommendation of fevipiprant in the presence of drugs inhibiting these pathways; however, phase III clinical trial results did not support its submission. This was a single-center, open-label, single-sequence, two-period crossover study in healthy subjects. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was used to measure concentrations of fevipiprant and its AG metabolite in plasma and urine. In the presence of probenecid, the mean maximum concentrations of fevipiprant increased approximately 1.7-fold, and the area under the concentration-time curve in plasma increased approximately 2.5-fold, whereas the mean apparent volume of distribution and the AG metabolite:fevipiprant ratio decreased. The apparent systemic clearance decreased by approximately 60% and the renal clearance decreased by approximately 88% in the presence of probenecid. Using these data and those from previous studies, the relative contribution of OAT and UGT inhibition to the overall effect of probenecid was estimated. Furthermore, a general disposition scheme for fevipiprant was developed, showing how a perpetrator drug such as probenecid, which interferes with two key elimination pathways of fevipiprant, causes only a moderate increase in exposure and allows estimation of the drug-drug inhibition when only one of the two pathways is inhibited. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: In this drug-drug interaction (DDI) study, probenecid was used as a tool to inhibit both glucuronidation and active renal secretion of fevipiprant. The combination of plasma and urine pharmacokinetic data from this study with available data allowed the development of a quantitative scheme to describe the fate of fevipiprant in the body, illustrating why the DDI effect on fevipiprant is weak-to-moderate even if a perpetrator drug inhibits several elimination pathways.
--- ABSTRACT END ---
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[frequency of next (right) word to used to]
(1)44 identify (17)7 improve (33)4 select (49)2 gauge
(2)32 assess (18)6 compare (34)4 validate (50)2 increase
(3)20 evaluate (19)6 create (35)3 analyse (51)2 knock
(4)19 treat (20)6 inform (36)3 collect (52)2 make
(5)14 predict (21)6 test (37)3 construct (53)2 manipulate
(6)14 study (22)6 understand (38)3 demonstrate (54)2 monitor
(7)13 measure (23)5 address (39)3 explore (55)2 overcome
(8)12 investigate (24)4 calculate (40)3 help (56)2 perform
(9)11 determine (25)4 conduct (41)3 induce (57)2 provide
(10)11 examine (26)4 define (42)3 mimic (58)2 reduce
(11)11 guide (27)4 deliver (43)2 acquire (59)2 refer
(12)10 analyze (28)4 describe (44)2 better (60)2 simulate
(13)9 estimate (29)4 detect (45)2 characterize (61)2 track
(14)9 quantify (30)4 generate (46)2 confirm
(15)9 support (31)4 obtain (47)2 design
(16)8 develop (32)4 search (48)2 enhance

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--- WordNet output for used --- =>1.〜に慣れて, 2.用いられた, 中古の Overview of verb use The verb use has 6 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (603) use, utilize, utilise, apply, employ -- (put into service; make work or employ for a particular purpose or for its inherent or natural purpose; "use your head!"; "we only use Spanish at home"; "I can't use this tool"; "Apply a magnetic field here"; "This thinking was applied to many projects"; "How do you utilize this tool?"; "I apply this rule to get good results"; "use the plastic bags to store the food"; "He doesn't know how to use a computer") 2. (12) use, habituate -- (take or consume (regularly or habitually); "She uses drugs rarely") 3. (8) use, expend -- (use up, consume fully; "The legislature expended its time on school questions") 4. use -- (seek or achieve an end by using to one's advantage; "She uses her influential friends to get jobs"; "The president's wife used her good connections") 5. practice, apply, use -- (avail oneself to; "apply a principle"; "practice a religion"; "use care when going down the stairs"; "use your common sense"; "practice non-violent resistance") 6. use -- (habitually do something (use only in the past tense); "She used to call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally"; "I used to get sick when I ate in that dining hall"; "They used to vacation in the Bahamas") Overview of adj used The adj used has 3 senses (first 3 from tagged texts) 1. (4) used -- (employed in accomplishing something; "the principle of surprise is the most used and misused of all the principles of war"- H.H.Arnold & I.C.Eaker) 2. (1) exploited, ill-used, put-upon, used, victimized, victimised -- (of persons; taken advantage of; "after going out of his way to help his friend get the job he felt not appreciated but used") 3. (1) secondhand, used -- (previously used or owned by another; "bought a secondhand (or used) car") --- WordNet end ---